The 70% Rule Explained: How to Calculate Maximum Purchase Price
The 70% rule is the most widely used formula in fix-and-flip investing. Learn how it works, when to use it, and when to break it.
BRRRR combines the profit potential of flipping with the wealth-building power of rental income. Here's how it works.
BRRRR stands for Buy, Rehab, Rent, Refinance, Repeat. It's a hybrid strategy that uses fix-and-flip skills to build a rental portfolio with minimal capital tied up in each property.
The process works as follows. You buy a distressed property below market value, just like a flip. You rehab it to rental-ready condition (not necessarily flip-ready — rental renovations can be more utilitarian). You rent it to a qualified tenant, establishing income. You refinance the property with a long-term loan (DSCR or conventional) based on the new appraised value. You repeat the process using the capital you extracted.
The math is powerful. Buy a property for $120,000, invest $40,000 in renovations, and create a property worth $220,000. You have $160,000 total invested. Refinance at 75% LTV — the loan amount is $165,000, which covers your entire investment and returns $5,000 to you. You now own a cash-flowing rental with zero money left in the deal.
The key to BRRRR success is the spread between your all-in cost and the after-repair value. You need the same analytical skills as a flipper — accurate ARV estimation, precise renovation budgeting, and efficient project execution. The difference is your exit strategy: instead of selling for a one-time profit, you keep the property for long-term appreciation, tax benefits, and cash flow.
Challenges include longer holding periods before refinancing (most lenders require 6-month seasoning), the need for properties that work as both renovations and rentals, tenant management responsibilities, and tying up capital for longer than a quick flip. However, the long-term wealth-building potential makes BRRRR an essential strategy in every serious investor's toolkit.
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